Sustainable Product Design And Materials Recycling Environmental Sciences Essay

Sustainable Product Design And Materials Recycling Environmental Sciences Essay Over the last three decades, environmental issues have become a significant concern for all societies. With growing awareness of environmental issues, for instance, Air Pollution, Global Warming, Water Pollution and Ozone Depletion, sustainability has been gaining increasing attention in recent years. (Roy, R. 2000) However, according to Tseng, M. et al. (2012), currently it is generally not sustainable that models of consumption and the Manufacturing systems which based on traditional activities and business technologies. Therefore, sustainability has captured the attentions of most designers, regardless of their specialism. In other word, designers have to consider the sustainable aspects of their practices in order to adapt to a sustainable future. The choice of recycled materials used to make product is important, allied with the way in which they are used. (Manheim, J. 2009) The literature review is based upon the examples from Internet and books that were found to have relevanc e to the topic of sustainable product design and recycled materials. And this literature review will aim to bring together the most key examples and developments in recycled materials and sustainable product design from recent years in order to establish what the present state of the art is. (G.D. Hatcher et al., 2011) In the final part, it will demonstrate the significance and limitations of sustainable product design made from recycled materials and from this provide suggestions as to where the research should go next. Sustainable product design and materials recycling A sustainable product design also known as eco-design, green design or design for environment, and it depends on two things: what types of designs are made, and in what quantity they are made (Matthew, S. and Andrew, S. 1997). In other words designing with recycled materials is actually depending on the type of waste objects that you have access to. While from the environment aspect, Lennart (2007) suggested that a sustainable product is a product, which will give as little impact on the environment as possible during its life cycle. And sustainable products applying environmental criteria aimed at the prevention of waste and emissions and the minimization of their environmental impact, along the material life cycle of the product. (Weenen, J. C., 1995) Sustainable product design can be characterized by several factors; for instance, recycling materials through the design for environment is one of key factors, which includes design for remanufacturing, design disassembly and for sust ainability. Employment of cleaner production principles of preventive strategy and source-oriented approaches are equally essential in sustainable design practices (Tseng, M. 2012). It is generally useful to define a sustainable product or at least to have some measures of degree of sustainability. It is agreed that the principles of eco-design can be considered the running of resources in the environment. Recycled materials include collecting a large number of already made products and materials from various sources and reducing them to other standardized raw materials objects; original product form and function is totally discarded or partial changed. The main consideration of sustainable product design made from recycled materials is to facilitate the reduction or changing process, and involves approaches such as (1) modifying the materials mix, (2) recycling for disassembly, (3) designing for recycling process compatibility, and (4) adopting materials coding systems. (Fuller, D.A. and Ottman, J.A. 2004) Designer and artist worked with recycled materials Julia Manheim is a famous designer and having gained an international for her work. In the early 1970s, her concern for the disposal of materials started and found that she was fond of collecting piles of Guardian newspapers and disliked anything to going to waste. (Manheim, J. 2009) She collected various waste materials in her life such as chocolate wrappers, burnt film, toothbrush heads, plastic carrier bags, etc. then made them into creative jewelries. Her research is about how to recycle existing materials in different approaches to give it a second life and a new meaning. Accordingly, this might be achieved by altering it, using it in different ways, cutting it up, adding to it, covering it up, or casting it in another recycled material. These are all methods of reusing and reinterpreting what is here already, rather than having to start from scratch. Also she started to develop a sensibility for looking at and seeking the potential in old product and then changed it into the ne w one. It seems that intervention can be minimal, and materials do not always need to undergo a total transformation to become to a new thing; they just require handling with sensitivity and an awareness of their inherent properties. The product made from recycled materials can be equally unusual and creative if the recycled elements are easily identifiable. It depends on how inventively the materials are reused and put together. (Lea, V. 1997) Fashion designers are also chasing this eco-trend, take Gary Harvey, for example, he can recycle waste materials from his life such as a piece of old jeans, newspapers, some trench coats, army jackets or wedding dresses and turn them into new amazing dresses with eco-conscious. Gary Harvey is the former Creative designer of Levi Strauss and Dockers Europe director for Levis. An impressive creation was made from cans, cardboard boxes and bottle tops. People admire him about designing a surprising dress made from old jeans, newspapers, or even juice packages. Some people may have a question about the wearability of a designing dress out of waste materials. However, this dress is an environmentally friendly dress, which people can be worn for special occasions. It will help people spread the information of helping the environment and with unique style. His most recycled materials were from everyday life which made me consider how everyday domestic objects, found around the house or at a local shop, can be used to make sustainable product. In addition, I started pay attention to the relationship between my recycled objects and fashion. The Nike shoes are successful example of an eco-design product which is environmentally and sustainably. Steve Nash who is the All-Star Guard for the Phoenix Suns and Nike has made up a team to produce the Nike Trash Talk, the first Nike performance basketball shoes completely produced from manufacturing waste materials. The emphasis of this design was aim to create a sustainable, high-performance basketball shoe. Nike used manufacturing waste materials, such as, leather materials and synthetic leather waste from the products factory floor for the upper replace using toxic adhesives; used zigzag stitching to sew the upper together. The mid-sole was made up of scrap-ground foam from factory production materials. Nike recycled waste materials from their own manufacturing-with a low-toxin, environmentally preferred rubber to make an outsole which contains 96% fewer toxins. Even the shoelaces and sock liners were made from environmentally preferred materials. Finally, the shoes were pack aged in a fully recycled cardboard shoebox. The company tends to encourage the designers to design more sustainable products. Significance and limitations Girlamy (2008) suggested that recycling materials and transforming them into new sustainable products is a win-win trend. Designers and artists who designing sustainable product out of recycled materials are taking an object at the end of its useful life and changing it into a helpful raw material to make another new object. (Manheim, J. 2009) As a consumer, you are helping the development of eco-friendly environment when you support businesses that remanufacture products such as clothing and furniture made from recycled materials. Scientists are finding our planets landfills are filling at an alarming rate; many of the landfills filled with waste materials will remain for thousands of years. As a consequence, it will be disastrous if we do not follow the trend of using sustainable product made from recycled materials. Material recycling reduces the demand for raw materials and thus protecting the environment and preserving resources. It reduces the pollution of air and water allied with energy usage. The consumer in turn is rewarded by gaining some products which are special and exquisite when they choose a sustainable product with recycled materials. This is because, products made from waste materials are often handcrafted and manufactured by a fair trade organization that provides a fair wage and favorable working conditions for their workers. But there are clearly very few truly sustainable designs. As discussed above, humans have received a considerable number of benefits from sustainable product design, and the demand for sustainability to designer is increasing. However, sustainable product design has its limitations. In particular, an eco-friendly advantageous change in one aspect of a Green design may have contrary environmental influences elsewhere in its life cycle which may outweigh any benefits. For example, the avoidance of potentially toxic materials may decrease a designs lifetime and therefore require it to be replaced more frequent, consequently, eco-designs may consume more energy and generate more pollution than it saves. (Roy, R. 2000) The designers should not only consider the sustainability in their design activities, but also need to grasp the economic, technical, social and cultural background of their designs in various areas. In other words, designers need to consider long-term benefits rather than current benefits. Sustainability should also be of concern not only to the designers, but also to every company or organization. This is because, sustainable product design is an integrated design process driven by whole-system thinking.

The Stupidest Angel Chapter 6

Chapter 6 BE OF GOOD CHEER; THEY MIGHT HAVE PUT A TREE UP YOUR BUM The Archangel Raziel found, after some consideration, that he did not care for being run over by a Swedish automobile. As far as things  «dirtside » went, he liked Snickers bars, barbecued pork ribs, and pinochle; he also enjoyed Spider-Man, Days of Our Lives, and Star Wars (although the concept of fictional film eluded the angel and he thought they were all documentaries); and you just couldn't beat raining fire on the Egyptians or smiting the bejeezus out of some Philistines with lightning bolts (Raziel was good with weather), but overall, he could do without missions to Earth, humans and their machines in general, and (now) Volvo station wagons in particular. His broken bones had knit nicely and the deep gouges in his skin were filling in even as he came upon the chapel, but all things considered, he could go a very long time not being run over by a Volvo again and feel just dandy about it. He brushed at the all-weather radial tire print that ran up the front of his black duster and across his angelic face. Licking his lips, he tasted vulcanized rubber, thinking that it wouldn't be bad with hot sauce or perhaps chocolate sprinkles. (There is little variety of flavors in heaven, and an abundance of bland white cake has been served to the heavenly host over the eons, so Raziel had fallen in the habit of tasting things while dirtside, just for the contrast. Once, in the third century B.C., he had consumed the better part of a bucket of camel urine before his friend the Archangel Zoe slapped it out of his hand and informed him that it was, despite the piquant bouquet, nasty.) This wasn't his first Nativity mission. No, in fact, he had been given the assignment of the very first Nativity mission, and due to having stopped on the way to play some pinochle, he'd shown up ten years late, announcing to the prepubescent Son himself that he â€Å"would find the babe wrapped in swaddling clothes, lying in a manger.† Embarrassing? Well, yes. And now, some two thousand years later, he was on another Nativity mission, and he was sure now that he'd found the child, that this one was going to go much more smoothly (for one thing, there were no shepherds to frighten – he'd felt bad about that back then). No, come Christmas Eve the mission would be accomplished, he'd grab a plate of ribs and head back to heaven lickety-split. But first he needed to find the site for the miracle. There were two sheriff's cruisers and an ambulance outside the Barker house when Theo arrived. â€Å"Crowe, where the hell have you been?† the sheriff's deputy was yelling before Theo was even out of the Volvo. The deputy was the second-shift commander; Joe Metz was his name. He had a linebacker frame that he augmented with weight lifting and marathon beer drinking. Theo had encountered him a dozen times in as many years. Their relationship had gone from a mild disregard to an open disrespect – which was pretty much Theo's relationship with everyone in the San Junipero County Sheriff's Department. â€Å"I saw the suspect and made pursuit. I lost him in the woods about a mile east of here.† Theo decided he wasn't going to mention what he'd actually seen. His credibility was thin enough with the sheriff's department. â€Å"Why didn't you call it in? We should have units all over the area.† â€Å"I did. You do.† â€Å"I didn't hear the call go in.† â€Å"I called it in on my cell. My radio's broken.† â€Å"Why don't I know about it?† Theo raised his eyebrows as if to say, Perhaps because you're a big no-necked dumb-ass. At least that's what he hoped the gesture said. Metz looked at the radio on his belt, then turned to disguise his action as he turned a switch. Immediately the voice of the dispatcher came on, calling out for the shift commander. Metz keyed the mike clipped to the epaulet of his uniform shirt and identified himself. Theo stood by, trying not to smile as the dispatcher reported the entire situation again. Theo wasn't worried about the two units that were headed to the woods up by the chapel. He was sure they weren't going to find anyone. Whoever the guy in black was, he had a way of disappearing, and Theo didn't even want to think of the means by which he did it. Theo had gone back to the chapel, where he'd caught a glimpse of the blond man moving through the woods before he was gone again. Theo had called home to make sure that Molly was okay. She was. â€Å"Can I talk to the kid?† Theo asked. â€Å"When the EMTs are done looking at him,† Metz said. â€Å"The mother's on the way. She was out to dinner with the boyfriend in San Junipero. Kid seems okay, just real shaken up, some bruises on his arms where the suspect picked him up, but no other injuries I could see. Kid couldn't say what the guy wanted. There's no property missing.† â€Å"You get a description?† â€Å"The kid keeps giving us names of characters from video games for comparison. What do we know from ‘Mung-fu, the Vanquished'? You get a good look at him?† â€Å"Yeah,† Theo said, forcing a lump out of his throat, â€Å"I'd say Mung-fu is pretty accurate.† â€Å"Don't fuck with me, Crowe.† â€Å"Caucasian, long blond hair, blue eyes, clean-shaven, six foot two, one-eighty, wearing a black duster that goes to the ground. I didn't see his shoes. Dispatch has it all.† Theo kept thinking of the deep gouges in the blond guy's cheeks. He had started to think of him as the â€Å"ghost-bot.† Video games – right. Metz nodded. â€Å"Dispatch says he's on foot. How'd you lose him?† â€Å"The woods are thick up there.† Metz was looking at Theo's belt. â€Å"Where's your weapon, Crowe?† â€Å"I left it in the car. Didn't want to scare the kid.† Without a word, Metz stepped over to Theo's Volvo and opened the passenger-side door. â€Å"Where?† â€Å"Pardon?† â€Å"Where in your unlocked car is your weapon?† Theo felt the last of his energy flow out of him. He just wasn't good at confrontation. â€Å"It's at my house.† Metz smiled now like the bartender had just announced pitchers all around, on the house. â€Å"You know, you might be the perfect guy to go after this suspect, Theo.† Theo hated it when the sheriffs called him by his first name. â€Å"Why's that, Joseph?† â€Å"The kid said he thought the guy might be retarded.† â€Å"I don't get it,† Theo said, trying not to grin. Metz walked away shaking his head. He climbed into his cruiser, then as he was backing past Theo, the passenger window whirred down. â€Å"Write up a report, Crowe. And we need to get a description of this guy to the local schools.† â€Å"It's Christmas break.† â€Å"Dammit, Crowe, they'll be going back to school sometime, won't they?† â€Å"So you don't think your guys will catch him, then?† Without another word Metz whirred up the window and whipped the cruiser out of the driveway as if he'd just received an urgent call. Theo smiled as he walked up to the house. Despite the excitement and terror and outright weirdness of evening, he suddenly felt good. Molly was safe, the kid was safe, the Christmas tree was up at the chapel, and there was just no rush that compared to safely and successfully fucking with a pompous cop. He paused on the top step and considered for a moment that perhaps, after fifteen years in law enforcement himself, he really should have matured past that particular pleasure. Nah. â€Å"Did you ever shoot anybody?† asked Joshua Barker. He was sitting on a bar stool at the kitchen counter. A man in a gray uniform was fussing medical over him. â€Å"No, I'm an EMT,† said the EMT. He ripped the blood-pressure cuff off Josh's arm. â€Å"We help people, we don't shoot them.† â€Å"Did you ever put that blood-pressure thing around someone's neck and pump it till their eyes bugged out?† The EMT looked at Theophilus Crowe, who had just entered the Barkers' kitchen. Theo frowned appropriately. Josh turned his attention to the lanky constable, noting that he had a badge clipped to his belt but no gun. â€Å"You ever shoot anybody?† â€Å"Sure,† Theo said. Josh was impressed. He'd seen Theo around town, and his mom always said hi to him, but he never thought he actually did anything. Not anything cool, anyway. â€Å"None of these guys ever shot anyone.† Josh gestured to the two deputies and the two EMTs stationed around the small kitchen, giving them a look that said the wussies! with the full disdain his soft seven-year-old features could muster. â€Å"You kill the guy?† he asked Theo. â€Å"Yep.† Josh didn't really know where to go now. If he stopped asking questions, he knew that Theo would start asking questions, just like the sheriffs had, and he didn't want to answer any more questions. The blond man had told him not to tell anyone. The sheriff said that the blond man couldn't hurt him, but the sheriff didn't know what Josh knew. â€Å"Your mom is on the way, Josh,† Theo said. â€Å"She'll be here in a few minutes.† â€Å"I know. I talked to her.† To the EMTs and deputies, Theo said, â€Å"Guys, can I talk to Josh alone a minute?† â€Å"We're done here,† the lead medic said, leaving immediately. Both the deputies were young and eager to be asked to do something, even if it was to leave the room. â€Å"We'll be outside writing this up,† said the last one out. â€Å"Sergeant Metz told us to stay until the mother got home.† â€Å"Thanks, guys,† Theo said, surprised at their congeniality. They must not have been on the department long enough to learn to look down on him for being a town constable, an archaic and redundant job, if you asked most area cops. Once they were gone he turned to Josh. â€Å"So tell me about the man who was here.† â€Å"I told those other police.† â€Å"I know. But you need to tell me. What happened. Even the weird stuff you didn't tell them.† Josh didn't like the way Theo seemed to be ready to believe anything. He wasn't being too nice, or talking baby talk like the others. â€Å"There wasn't any weird stuff. I told them.† Josh nodded as he spoke, hoping he'd look more convincing. â€Å"None of that bad touch stuff. I know about that. None of that.† â€Å"I don't mean that kind of stuff, Josh. I mean weird stuff you didn't tell them because it's unbelievable.† Josh really didn't know what to say now. He considered crying, did a test sniffle just to see if he could get things flowing. Theo reached out and took his chin, lifted it so Josh had to look him in the eye. Why did adults do that? Now he'd ask something that would be really hard to lie about. â€Å"What was he doing here, Josh?† Josh shook his head, mostly to get out of Theo's grip, to get away from that adult lie-detector look. â€Å"I don't know. He just came in and grabbed me and then he left.† â€Å"Why did he leave?† â€Å"I don't know, I don't know. I'm just a kid. Because he's crazy or something. Or maybe he's retarded. That's how he talks.† â€Å"I know,† Theo said. â€Å"You do?† He did? Theo leaned in close. â€Å"I saw him, Josh. I talked to him. I know he wasn't like a normal guy.† Josh felt like he'd just taken his first deep breath since he left Sam's house. He didn't like keeping secrets – sneaking home and lying about it would have been enough, but witnessing the murder of Santa, and then that strange blond guy showing up. But if Theo already knew about the blond guy†¦ â€Å"So, so, you saw him glow?† â€Å"Glow? Shit!† Theo stood up and spun around as if he'd been hit in the forehead with a paintball. â€Å"He glowed, too? Shit!† The tall man was moving like a grasshopper locked in a running microwave. Not that Josh would know what that was like, because that would be a cruel thing to do and he would never do something like that, but, you know, someone told him about it once. â€Å"So he glowed?† Theo asked, like he was trying to get this straight. â€Å"No, I didn't mean that.† Josh needed to back out of this. Theo was trippin'. He'd had enough of adults trippin' for one night. Soon his mom would come home to find a bunch of cops in her house and the trip to beat all trips would start. â€Å"I mean he was really mad. You know, like glowing mad.† â€Å"That's not what you meant.† â€Å"It isn't?† â€Å"He really glowed, didn't he?† â€Å"Well, not constantly. Like, for a little while. Then he just stared at me.† â€Å"Why did he leave, Josh?† â€Å"He said he had what he needed now.† â€Å"What was that? What did he take?† â€Å"I don't know.† Josh was beginning to worry about the constable. He looked like he might hurl any second. â€Å"You're sure you want to go with the glowing thing, Constable Crowe? I could be wrong. I'm a kid. We make notoriously unreliable witnesses.† â€Å"Where'd you hear that?† â€Å"CSI.† â€Å"Those guys know everything.† â€Å"They have the coolest stuff.† â€Å"Yeah,† said Theo wistfully. â€Å"You don't get to use cool cop stuff like that, huh?† â€Å"Nope.† Theo was sounding really sad now. â€Å"But you shot a guy, right?† Josh said cheerfully, trying to raise Theo's spirits. â€Å"I was lying. I'm sorry, Josh. I'd better go. Your mom will be home soon. You just tell her everything. She'll look out for you. The deputies will stay with you until she gets here. See ya, kiddo.† Theo ruffled his hair and started out of the kitchen. Josh didn't want to tell her. And he didn't want Theo to go. â€Å"There's something else.† Theo turned and looked back at him. â€Å"Okay, Josh, I'll stick around – ; â€Å"Someone killed Santa Claus tonight,† Josh blurted out. â€Å"Childhood ends too soon, doesn't it, son?† Theo said, putting his hand on Josh's shoulder. If Josh had had a gun, he'd have shot him, but being an unarmed kid, he decided that of all of these adults, the goofy constable might just be the one who would believe what he had seen happen to Santa. The two deputies had come into the house with Josh's mother, Emily Barker. Theo waited until she had hugged most of the breath out of her son, then reassured her that everything was okay and made a quick escape. As he came down the porch steps, he saw something yellow shining by the front tire of his Volvo. He looked back to make sure that neither of the deputies was looking out, then he crouched before the front tire and reached up into the wheel well and pulled out a hank of yellow hair that had caught in the black vinyl dent molding. He quickly shoved it into his shirt pocket and climbed into the car, feeling the hair throbbing against his chest like a living thing. The Warrior Babe of the Outland admitted that she was powerless without her medication and that her life had become unmanageable. Molly checked off the step in Theo's little blue Narcotics Anonymous book. â€Å"Powerless,† she muttered to herself, remembering the time when mutants had chained her to a rock in the den of the behemo-badger in Outland Steel: Kendra's Revenge. If not for the intervention of Selkirk, the rogue sand pirate, her entrails would even now be curing on the salt stalagmites of the badger's cave. â€Å"That would sting, huh?† said the Narrator. â€Å"Shut up, that didn't really happen.† Did it? She remembered it like it did. The Narrator was a problem. The problem, really. If it had just been a little erratic behavior, she might have been able to wing it until the first of the month and go back on her meds without Theo noticing, but when the Narrator showed up, she knew she needed help. She turned to the Narcotics Anonymous book that had been Theo's constant companion when he was battling his pot habit. He talked about working the steps all the time, and how he couldn't have done it without them. She needed to do something to reinforce the rapidly blurring line between Molly Michon, party planner, cookie baker, the retired actress, and Kendra, mutant slayer, head breaker, the warrior temptress. â€Å"‘Step two, † she read. â€Å"‘Come to believe that a power greater than ourselves can restore us to sanity. † She thought for a moment and looked out the front window of the cabin for the lights from Theo's car. She really hoped she could get through all twelve steps before he got home. â€Å"Nigoth the Worm God shall be my higher power,† she declared, snatching her broken broadsword from the coffee table and waving it in defiance at the Sony Wega TV that mocked her darkly from the corner. â€Å"In Nigoth's name shall I sally forth, and woe unto any mutant or sand pirate that crosses my path, for his life shall be sacrificed and his bloody balls shall decorate the totem tree of my lodge.† â€Å"And the wicked shall cower before the grandeur of your dirt-striped and well-shaped thighs,† said the Narrator, with robust enthusiasm. â€Å"Goes without saying,† Molly said. â€Å"Okay, step three. ‘Turn your life over to God as you understand Him. â€Å" â€Å"Nigoth requires a sacrifice,† cried the Narrator. â€Å"A limb! Cut it from your body and impale it still twitching upon the worm god's fiery purple horn.† Molly shook her head to rattle the Narrator around a little. â€Å"Dude,† she said. Molly seldom  «duded » anyone. Theo had picked up the word on his patrol of Pine Cove's skateboard park and now used it generally to express incredulity at the audacity of someone's statement or behavior – the correct inflection on the word would convey Doood, please, you've got to be joking or hallucinating, or both, to even suggest such a thing. (Lately Theo had been doing some testing on â€Å"Yo, dat's wack, yo.† But Molly had forbade its use outside of the house, for, as she pointed out, there is little more off-putting than the sound of hip-hop vernacular coming out of the mouth of a white, fortysomething, goony bird of a man. â€Å"Albatross of a man, yo,† Theo had corrected.) Thusly duded, the Narrator bid devotion down. â€Å"A finger, then! The severed finger of a Warrior Babe – â€Å" â€Å"Not a chance,† Molly said. ‘A lock of hair! Nigoth requires – â€Å" â€Å"I was thinking I'd light a candle to symbolize that I'm turning myself over to my higher power.† And to illustrate her sincerity, she took a disposable lighter off the coffee table and lit one of the scented candles she kept on a tray at the table's center. â€Å"A snotty Kleenex, then!† tried the Narrator. But Molly had moved on to step four in the book. â€Å"‘Make a searching and fearless moral inventory of yourself. I have no idea what that means.† â€Å"Well, I'll be fucked in the ear by a blind spider monkey if I get it,† said the Narrator. Molly decided not even to acknowledge the Narrator on that one. After all, if the steps worked like she hoped they would, the Narrator was not going to be around for much longer. She dug into the little blue book in search of clarification. Upon further reading, it appeared that you were supposed to make a list of all the things wrong with your character. â€Å"Put down that you're fucking nuts,† said the Narrator. â€Å"Got it,† Molly said. Then she noticed that the book recommended making a list of resentments. She wasn't exactly sure what she was supposed to do with them, but in fifteen minutes she had filled three pages with all variety of resentments, including both parents, the IRS, algebra, premature ejaculators, good housekeepers, French automobiles, Italian luggage, lawyers, CD packaging, IQ tests, and the fucktard who wrote the â€Å"Caution, pastry may be hot when heated† warning on the Pop-Tarts box. She paused for a breather and was reading ahead to step five when headlights swept across the yard and raked the front of the cabin. Theo was home. † ‘Step five, † Molly read. â€Å"‘Confess to our higher power and another human being the exact nature of our wrongs. â€Å" As Theo came through the door, Molly, her broken broadsword in hand, spun from the cinnamon candle of Nigoth the Worm God and said, â€Å"I confess! I did not file taxes for the years ninety-five through two thousand, I have eaten the radioactive flesh of mutants, and I resent the hell out of you for not having to squat when you pee. â€Å"Hi, honey,† Theo said. â€Å"Shut up, grommet,† said the Warrior Babe. â€Å"So I guess I'm not going to get my Volvo washed?† â€Å"Quiet! I'm confessing over here, ingrate.† â€Å"That's the spirit!† said the Narrator.

The Chronicles of Writing Research Papers

The Chronicles of Writing Research Papers The principal aims of the job ought to be straightforwardly stated in addition to some indication of the experimental strategy. Depending on the kind of services an expert paper writer offers, they may or may want to supply a thesis and argument points. Just in such situations, your diploma might be accepted as your own degree you have gained for real accomplishments. In the majority of cultures around the planet, academia is held with a quite high regard. The Key to Successful Writing Research Papers You may incorporate the sub-points below your principal bullets for far better organization of details. Most your sources ought to be from Rod Library. Recommendations for certain papers will offer extra suggestions. College papers have plenty of requirements on the content and fashion. Research paper writing is an enormous part of your academic requirements, which might snatch you of your opportunity to acquire your college diplom a. Research papers aren't accepted if the job is incomplete. Attempt not to procrastinate, the more time you need to work on the paper the simpler it will be. For this reason, you can purchase a research paper you demand. Dissertation writing is just one of the scariest and toughest chores that students must go through in college. Students aren't editors. In fact, many students fret tackling dissertation papers mainly because of the intricacy of the papers. The perfect way to be a thriving student is to seek the services of an expert paper writer. Read my essay writing service reviews and my guide to selecting the very best service for everything you want to understand about how to pick the best writing businesses. Now you're considering buying a personalized research paper from a dependable writing services. Once you locate a service you prefer, don't neglect to look at my review of it. When you have uploaded everything, click to order any extra services that you require. To start with, if you need to cover an essay, you should understand what you wish to accomplish. Unfortunately, not a lot of them can. Term papers are supposed to be scholarly papers. How to earn pakistan better essay. It's crucial that the service you select knows for sure they're only selecting the very best essay writers. Utilizing a writing service is the perfect approach to have a well-written essay to use as a guideline to make sure the essays you write are hitting each of the important points and are at the appropriate depth necessary for your academic grade. If you practice economy of words, that needs to be plenty of space within which to say everything that you will need to say. The author attempts to determine psychology behind particular words used in various situations though they're able to do the exact same with simpler direct words. As an overall guideline, whatever you write in the paper which you did not know before you began reading from your sources for the paper has to be cited. At, you may now pay a person to compose your paper affordably in your timeline. Might it be rational to trust in god essay. Some can observe expert research paper writers as profiteers, but they're not any different than every other skilled professional looking to earn somebody else's life a little simpler. Ideally you should attempt to come up with one or two running examples that may illustrate a number of the different ideas you're speaking about. There's not anything wrong with changing your writing style and allow it to be more academic. In the latter instance, such experimental procedures could possibly be independently publishable as the primary focus of an individual paper in a journal devoted to methods. As a consequence, the total research may have to be adjusted, the project design could possibly be revised, new methods could possibly be devised, and new data could be collected. The protocols ought to be described in full detail exactly as they're actually performed. All you will need is to purchase a research paper customized by specialists in your area. The standard sections could possibly be eliminated in short communications. If you wish to obtain a research paper cheap. The procedure for research and writing might be repeated if needed. It's actually quite simple since you already found all your research. A scholarly journal has articles written by means of a scholar on a certain subject that's well researched and peer-reviewed for accuracy and dependability.

Salary Issues - 1584 Words

Vanderploeg Posted Date: September 14, 2017 9:14 AMStatus:Published Victor You bring up several good issues. I really appreciate your discussion regarding salary. I work for a very large global pharmaceutical company. Overall, people have good job satisfaction. The company has pillars of values and behavior, and one of those is Be a great place to work. The value is even included in the business scorecard and if not met can impact the stock value. The company takes this very seriously and sends out pulse surveys annually. There is transparency in regards to how employees feel about the company, our leaders, the future, and job satisfaction. I have been with the company for 15 years and recently was promoted to a†¦show more content†¦(2016). Organizational behavior: A practical, problem-solving approach plus Connect. McGraw-Hill, ISBN: 9781260082203. Fischer, K. (2012). A Worldwide Perspective on Organizational Behavior [Video Presentation]. Weeks 1-3. (Available from Liberty University, 1971 University Blvd, Lynchburg, VA 24515) Reply Quote Mark as Read Thread:Week 3Post:REPLY to Shannon Hardy- from heather vanderploegAuthor: Heather Vanderploeg Posted Date: September 13, 2017 9:28 PMStatus:Published I am in the health care field and I have often compared the field of education to nursing in regards to job satisfaction. Nurses and teachers, and many other professions are overworked and underpaid. The burnout that these professionals experience serving in the helping field contributes to job dissatisfaction. Teachers seem to bring so much zest to their profession in the beginning. Their desire to keep helping often gets ahead of their own needs and work-life balance. Employees that are motivated and engaged have a better attitude and increased job satisfaction. Our readings from Kinicki Fugate provide of the behavioral concept of components of attitudes. There are tactics that can be incorporated in the workplace by managers to increase job satisfaction. Employees have a desire to have information. When managers communicate effectively, provide human resource and trainingShow MoreRelatedIssues with Athletes’ Salaries and How to Change Them1918 Words   |  8 PagesProfessional sports were beginning to be organized in the 1850s. At this point, their salaries, although they were still higher than the average person’s, were not too outrageous. In the 1880s and 90s, baseball players in particular were making on average about $1,750 annually. Even though this was three times the salary of an industrial worker of the time, they were not happy with this amount of money and felt they should be earning more (Baseball n.d.). In the 1970s, the worlds of professionalRead MoreThe Race For K 12 Public Education Reform1370 Words   |  6 PagesTeacher compensation is one of many hot button issues in the race for K-12 public education reform in America. Google (2015), defines co mpensation as simply the money received by an employee from an employer as a salary or wages (Google). This definition is perhaps the simplest to understand, but fails to truly articulate the complex meaning of compensation. Most school divisions include salary, extra pay, benefits, and pension in their employee compensation package. Leonard Boswell (2015), formerRead MoreIncreasing Minimum Wage For Women And Young Employees901 Words   |  4 Pagesthere are a considerable amount of solutions being applied to eliminate the issue of gender pay gap such as protective laws by the government, there would still exist several remaining problems concerning pay discrimination. This essay is going to discuss whether or not the solution of increasing minimum wage for women and young employees could reduce the issue of income inequality such that it would improve all salaries from different occupations, help single mothers to support the family, and reduceRead MoreDifference Between Merit An d Bonus Pay1663 Words   |  7 Pageswas determined on the basis of multiple different factors. Equity with respect to current salary relative to the market was a primary concern I looked to address. Performance during the 2014 work year was another factor that was weighted heavily. Continued high performance, improved performance, and length of time with the company were all accounted for, but to a lesser extent. External and uncontrollable issues including the employee’s personal lives, levels of education, health and wellness, or maritalRead MoreIncome Inequality : The American Economy Essay1735 Words   |  7 Pagesmiddle-income pay has stayed level at 44,389, an assume that spoke to a 3.8% diminishing from its top in 1999. In 2005, the median income, when adjusted for price level change, really declined, a pattern that has proceeded since 2001. Since the 1970s as the salary for the wealthiest 1% of Americans has multiplied, wages for middle class families have stayed e ven, however this is simply in the wake of including a second household income. Even workers with college degrees, who were once viewed as first classRead Moreassignment--1 Essay1644 Words   |  7 Pagesperformance pay. Answer: Base Pay: Base pay generally describes the minimum compensation that an employee can expect from his job. It can express in terms of hourly rate or it could be in a number of other different forms. In salary basis, base pay could be expressed as a monthly salary such as $5000 per month or $60000 per year. Performance pay: Performance pay reward employees for their great performance at their job. It is easy to quantify but not all the time. For example, a business dealership canRead MoreCompensation And Benefits Plan For Newtech International Inc.1195 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction This is a compensation and benefits plan for Newtech International Inc. aimed at ensuring that current employees and those who will retire from this company get the best in terms of salary and other benefits. In hopes that employee’s will be committed towards achieving the company’s goals (McKeever, 2002). The author of this paper agrees that providing a great compensation and benefits plan will enhance worker performance. Background Information Newtech International Inc. is aRead MoreEthical And Legal Environment Of Organizations1031 Words   |  5 PagesExecutive Compensation Cristy Lawler Bethel University Dr. Dorothy Black MOD 450: Ethical Legal Environment of Organizations January 9, 2017 â€Æ' Abstract For years CEO’s have been making larger salaries in compression to the employees that work for the company. How the salaries are decided can be one of two ways. Either by how much money the company brings and gives to the shareholders or by how well the CEO runs the company. The question becomes which was is not only morally but also ethicallyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Payment Practices Between Companies, Executive Compensation Plans1644 Words   |  7 PagesWhile there is heterogeneity in the payment practices between companies, executive compensation plans must include four basic components: base salary, annual bonus tied to accounting performance or another agreed indicator between the parties, stock options and incentive plans long term (including restricted stock plans and performance plans based on accounting more exercise). Under the crossfire of public opinion, the bonus word became almost word, synonymous with unbridled greed, something to beRead MoreExecutive Compen sation: the Ethical and Impact Challenge1629 Words   |  7 Pagescompany president. Executive compensation mostly consists of base salary, bonuses, long-term incentives benefits, and prerequisites whose main purpose is to motivate the executives to steer the company to profitability and make decisions with the best interest of the organization. Executive compensation has been on an upward rise especially within the last few decades reaching to unprecedented levels. Worse still, executive employees’ salaries and benefits have increased at a significantly higher rate

The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald - 1152 Words

It is human nature to long for the past. This feeling of nostalgia gives one the illusion, or idea, that the past is a greater and happier time than the present. For some, such as Gatsby in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel The Great Gatsby, the yearning for the past filled with flourishing dreams and ideals is strong enough for them to strive to repeat it. Jay Gatsby’s idealism of the American dream lies in the past with Daisy. To have Daisy’s love is to have her wealth and the possibility of being able to achieve anything. However, in the end, Gatsby’s pursuit is impossible because it is the money he wishes to gain that corrupts the purity of his ideal. Similar to the flaw in Gatsby’s dream, the process of gaining wealth to achieve the American dream sets one away from the clarity of the dream and into the filthy exploitation of money. Long before Gatsby meets Daisy, it is clear that Gatsby’s real life dissatisfies him to the extent in which he creates a fake life, one that will edge him closer to accomplishing the American dream of the chances of great prosperity. For instance, as a boy, he had a schedule and general resolves, which included â€Å"practice elocution, poise and how to attain it† and â€Å"read one improving book or magazine per week† (173). This illustrates Gatsby’s early desire to improve himself as a person and transform into his ideal of a man with class and social grace, an ideal that he never lets go of. The reader sees that from the start Gatsby has never approvedShow MoreRelatedThe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald1393 Words   |  6 PagesF. Scott Fitzgerald was the model of the American image in the nineteen twenties. He had wealth, fame, a beautiful wife, and an adorable daughter; all seemed perfect. Beneath the gilded faà §ade, however, was an author who s truggled with domestic and physical difficulties that plagued his personal life and career throughout its short span. This author helped to launch the theme that is so prevalent in his work; the human instinct to yearn for more, into the forefront of American literature, where itRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1343 Words   |  6 PagesHonors English 10 Shugart 18 Decemeber 2014 The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald s 1925 novel The Great Gatsby is a tragic love story, a mystery, and a social commentary on American life. The Great Gatsby is about the lives of four wealthy characters observed by the narrator, Nick Carroway. Throughout the novel a mysterious man named Jay Gatsby throws immaculate parties every Saturday night in hope to impress his lost lover, Daisy Buchanan. Gatsby lives in a mansion on West Egg across from DaisyRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1155 Words   |  5 PagesThe Great Gatsby The Jazz Age was an era where everything and anything seemed possible. It started with the beginning of a new age with America coming out of World War I as the most powerful nation in the world (Novel reflections on, 2007). As a result, the nation soon faced a culture-shock of material prosperity during the 1920’s. Also known as the â€Å"roaring twenties†, it was a time where life consisted of prodigality and extravagant parties. Writing based on his personal experiences, author F. ScottRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1166 Words   |  5 Pagesin the Haze F. Scott Fitzgerald lived in a time that was characterized by an unbelievable lack of substance. After the tragedy and horrors of WWI, people were focused on anything that they could that would distract from the emptiness that had swallowed them. Tangible greed tied with extreme materialism left many, by the end of this time period, disenchanted. The usage of the literary theories of both Biographical and Historical lenses provide a unique interpretation of the Great Gatsby centered aroundRead MoreThe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald845 Words   |  3 PagesIn F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel, The Great Gatsby, colors represent a variety of symbols that relate back to the American Dream. The dream of being pure, innocent and perfect is frequently associated with the reality of corruption, violence, and affairs. Gatsby’s desire for achieving the American Dream is sought for through corruption (Schneider). The American Dream in the 1920s was perceived as a desire of w ealth and social standings. Social class is represented through the East Egg, the WestRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald Essay970 Words   |  4 Pagesrespecting and valuing Fitzgerald work in the twenty-first century? Fitzgerald had a hard time to profiting from his writing, but he was not successful after his first novel. There are three major point of this essay are: the background history of Fitzgerald life, the comparisons between Fitzgerald and the Gatsby from his number one book in America The Great Gatsby, and the Fitzgerald got influences of behind the writing and being a writer. From childhood to adulthood, Fitzgerald faced many good andRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald2099 Words   |  9 Pagesauthor to mirror his life in his book. In his previous novels F. Scott Fitzgerald drew from his life experiences. He said that his next novel, The Great Gatsby, would be different. He said, â€Å"In my new novel I’m thrown directly on purely creative work† (F. Scott Fitzgerald). He did not realize or did not want it to appear that he was taking his own story and intertwining it within his new novel. In The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, he imitates his lifestyle through the Buchanan family to demonstrateRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1607 Words   |  7 Pages The Great Gatsby is an American novel written in 1925 by F. Scott Fitzgerald. One of the themes of the book is the American Dream. The American Dream is an idea in which Americans believe through hard work they can achieve success and prosperity in the free world. In F. Scott Fitzgerald s novel, The Great Gatsby, the American Dream leads to popularity, extreme jealousy and false happiness. Jay Gatsby’s recent fortune and wealthiness helped him earn a high social position and become one of the mostRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1592 Words   |  7 PagesMcGowan English 11A, Period 4 9 January 2014 The Great Gatsby Individuals who approach life with an optimistic mindset generally have their goals established as their main priority. Driven by ambition, they are determined to fulfill their desires; without reluctance. These strong-minded individuals refuse to be influenced by negative reinforcements, and rely on hope in order to achieve their dreams. As a man of persistence, the wealthy Jay Gatsby continuously strives to reclaim the love of hisRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1646 Words   |  7 PagesThe 1920s witnessed the death of the American Dream, a message immortalized in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby. Initially, the American Dream represented the outcome of American ideals, that everyone has the freedom and opportunity to achieve their dreams provided they perform honest hard work. During the 1920s, the United States experienced massive economic prosperity making the American Dream seem alive and strong. However, in Fitzgerald’s eyes, the new Am erican culture build around that

The Rising of the Characters in Ernest Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises Free Essays

Ernest Hemingway’s novel entitled â€Å"The Sun also Rises† is a story of different men from different backgrounds. The main character or protagonist in the story is Jake Barnes. Along with him in his journey were Robert Cohn whom to be his closest friend, Lady Brett Ashley whom to be the love of his life, Mike Campbell whom to be Brett’s fiancà ©, and Bill Gorton whom to be the other friend of the group. We will write a custom essay sample on The Rising of the Characters in Ernest Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises or any similar topic only for you Order Now The story started in a biographical description of Jake on his friend Robert Cohn. He called him Cohn while he narrates his story, their story. Jake is a World War I veteran whom soon becomes a journalist while Cohn is a rich Jewish writer. Cohn asked Jake to go with him to the South America but Jake refuses to go with him. When they went to a disco club, they saw Brett. Jake reminisce the memory when he and Brett met during the World War I. It was actually a great time for them to have their relationship but Brett refuses to make up with him because she learned that because of Jake’s wound, he is already impotents and she could did not want to sacrifice her sexual urge just for Jake. Soon, Brett and Mike met that made Brett fall in love with him. Brett became Mike’s fiancà © and would like to go to Spain to spend their moment together and watch the fiesta. They met Jake, Cohn, and Bill during their trip. During the journey, they could not able to find each other so they went to Spain in pairs – Jake and Bill as a pair, while Mike, Brett, and Cohn as the other pair. They had a great time during the first night but it’s been Brett who has the greatest night because she had the opportunity to know Pedro Romero, a handsome but young bullfighter. Brett decided to go with Romero but soon went back to Mike and said that she does not want to ruin Romero’s life and career. The story ends when Brett asked Jake to accompany her to Mike. Brett realizes that Jake is a good companion during their journey together. Jake and Cohn have many similarities and differences throughout the whole novel. Even if they have different backgrounds, they are similar in the way on how they treat a woman and how they think about the larger perspective of human life. Because in the beginning of the novel, Jake illustrated the biography of Cohn, he had stated all his strengths and weaknesses that made the readers understood the personality of Cohn in the beginning of the novel while Jake’s character emerged and evolved into a larger scale as the novel went through. Jake described Cohn depending on how he perceived Cohn’s identity whether on his career, personal life, or love life. â€Å"He was more enthusiastic about America than ever, and he was not so simple, and he was not so nice,† (Hemingway 16). Even if Cohn was not a war veteran, both of them have simple dreams and per4spectives in life. It was seen on their journey in Spain and the way they treated women especially Brett. Even if Cohn did not acknowledge his feelings right through Jake’s naked emotions, he knew that he likes Brett, next to Francesca. Because they both like Brett, they wanted Brett to be happy even if the cause is strange to both of them. However, Jake is more prank than Cohn. Cohn does not show his feelings so much while Jake is open to his feelings or emotions in different people. The difference between Cohn and Jake aside from the fact that Jake went to the war while Cohn did not is that Jake is more open to reality while Cohn was not that broad when it comes to the real situations. Another thing is that Jake is a journalist while Cohn is a writer. It means that Jake is more on the actual or real revelation of the reality while Cohn is more on the fictional sense of the world. â€Å"The publisher has praised his novel pretty highly and it rather went to his head. Then several women had put themselves out to be nice to him, and his horizons had all shifted,† (16). Cohn lived in a fictional life with all the praises and acknowledgement of the people behind him while Jake lived in a realm where there is battle, fear, hatred, and sufferings that he needs to overcome while he is living. Their differences evolved into a wider scenario as the novel went on. However, in the beginning of the novel showed their big differences as Jake did not want to go where Cohn wants and vice versa. Cohn wants more on the historical side while Jake wants on the cultural side of the country they want to go. â€Å"So there you were. I was sorry for him, but it was not a thing you could do anything about because right away you ran up against the two stubbornness: South America could fix it and he did not like Paris,† (20). However, the thing is that Jake is more convicted with what he says rather than Cohn. When Jake wants something, he pursued it even if there are things that might be interrupted. Nevertheless, he worked on it to avoid circumstances that Cohn could not obtain. This is what Jake learned in the war that Cohn did not learned while having his rich life and popularity as a writer. As a whole, both Jake and Cohn showed their contrasting and similar personalities throughout the whole novel. All the other characters helped them obtain their characterization and realization in the beginning and end of the story that mould them to become significant protagonists in the novel. The author showed balance information on how to perceive the characters in different angles and concepts that would not overlap Jake and Cohn’s establishment of characterization. How to cite The Rising of the Characters in Ernest Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises, Papers

Relationship Management Business Strategy â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Relationship Management Business Strategy? Answer: Introducation Productive Performance is essential for the organization as it helps to survive for a long time in the market. Organization behavior gives emphasis on the individual behavior. It is analyzed that one of the objectives of organizational behavior is to revitalize the theory of the operations so that the concept of organizational life can be developed. Organization behavior helps to understand the working pattern of the activities conducted by the organization. Proper interaction can be made within the organization if proper theories related to organizational behavior are taken into consideration (Shields et al., 2015). When employees conduct the activities it is seen that it is important to understand the behavior of others and also make other understand yours so that the goals and objectives can be accomplished effectively. Organizational behavior theories are concerned with the human resources so that the productivity level can be enhanced. Managers should instruct the employees in such a manner so that they can give their best to attain success. Every manager wants to attain success, so it is important to give emphasis on increasing the employee satisfaction level, job performance and also to encourage the leadership. Performance and productivity level can only be enhanced if there is proper management in the organization (Armstrong and Taylor, 2014). This report will focus on encouraging the productive performance of employees. So the discussion will be made on designing of jobs, working conditions, setting of goals and motivation. To maintain a good environment for conducting the activities it is essential to adapt the working environment and also to evaluate the goals and objectives that are required to be achieved. Organizational behavior assists to explain the interpersonal relationships between the employees so that coordination can be maintained between them. Human behavior is easy to be predicted, so it is important to consider organizational behavior theories so that activities can be conducted in a smooth manner. Managers give focus on maintaining the performance and productivity of the employees who are conducting the routine activities of the organization. It is evaluated that motivation plays a great role to enhance the confidence level of the employees. If motivation is given to the employees then it can easy to accomplish objectives. Theories related to organizational behavior are taken into consideration by the managers so that performance productivity can be enhanced. It is essential to have brief knowledge about the activities that are conducted in the organization. Proper knowledge will assist the workers to conduct the activities with confidence (De Jong et al., 2016). Theories of organizational behavior assist the leaders to manage the activities of the workers. Confidence is also considered as an essential part of the employees. Confidence can be increased by assigning job according to the interest of the employees. If the employees are not efficient towards the activities then it can create difficulty to complete the task assigned in an effective manner. It is essential for the companies to appoint employees who are efficient as the level of competition is increasing day by day. By considering the recent scenario, it is essential for the company to maximize the satisfaction level of the consumers so that growth can be achieved. Goals can be attained if the theories of the organization are considered effectively (Hoch and Kozlowski, 2014). Designing of Job should be done with proper care and by taking into consideration the interest of the employees towards the activities of the organization. A job should be designed in a proper way so that the employees of the organization can complete it in a proper way. It also assists to maintain proper relationships between the employees and management. Quality products and services are essential for the organization to sustain in the competitive environment. To enhance the productive performance of the employees it is essential to focus on designing of jobs. The organization can easily attain goals and objectives if jobs are designed in a proper management. Salary is one of the essential factors for the employees. It is seen that if good wages are not given to the employees, then it can be difficult to retain them for a long time. The efficiency of the employees depends on the satisfaction level of the workers and satisfaction level comes from the salary offered to the employees to conduct the activities. Job designing also helps to increase the motivation level of the workers and reduces the workplace absenteeism. It is important to design jobs in such a manner that helps employees to become productive and satisfied with the tasks that are assigned (Navimipour and Soltani, 2016). "Maslow's hierarchy of needs" is a theory that focuses on satisfying the needs and wants of the workers. There are five levels of "Maslow's hierarchy of needs". Physiological, safety, belonging, esteem and self-actualization need. It is analyzed that subordinates focus more on safety and belonging needs (Olafsen et al., 2015). The top management focuses on esteem and self-actualization needs. These are the basic requirements for the employees. If it is not satisfied then it can create difficulty to accomplish goals and objectives. This theory helps to motivate employees so that the routine activities can be conducted smoothly. Flexible timing is also one of the factors that help to enhance the motivation level of the employees. It is important to have a proper balance between the personal life and work life balance (Gelfand et al., 2017). Next theory is Herzberg's Two Factor Theory in which the leaders take into consideration the employees of the organization. This theory helps to enhance the satisfaction level related to the job and also evaluate the essential factors. The first factor is motivator factor that focuses on the satisfaction of the employees and also helps to conduct the activities efficiently. The second factor is concerned with the hygiene factor in which the employees are dissatisfied if proper salary is not given to them. To encourage employees for productive performance it is important for the companies to conduct the assigned tasks to improve motivator and hygiene factors. It is evaluated that employees can be motivated by giving appreciation and also by giving support (Ozguner and Ozguner, 2014). Working conditions also assist the workers to encourage productive performance from the employees. If proper environment is not offered then it can be difficult to conduct the activities with efficiency. So personality fit theory is related to high satisfaction level of the employees that can be attained from the activities. The manager focuses on the process of designing of jobs so that the personality of the workers can be matched properly with the workers. If the activities are according to the workers then it is evaluated that efficiency can be attained (Strategy, 2015). Organizations should focus on providing training to the employees so that proper information of the activities can be given to the workers. Goals of the organization play a great role to conduct the activities of the organization. The companies should allow the workers to share the feedback so that they can feel happy and comfortable to conduct the activities. Reward theories should also be considered by the companies so that the management and the workers can conduct the activities smoothly (Krishnamurthy et al., 2014). It is essential to offer rewards and incentive by taking into consideration employee assistance programs. These programs give assistance to the employees so that proper balance between work and home life can be maintained. Monetary incentives should be given to the employees like paid time off and cash rewards so that productive performance of the employees can be enhanced (Ruff and Fehr, 2014). These incentives help to encourage good competition between the associates. Monetary rewards help to motivate employees so that they can give their best towards the activities assigned. Non-monetary incentives reward employee performance through perks. The rewards consist of flexible working hours and training opportunities. The rewards and incentives are valuable for the employees as it helps to gain new skills (De Gieter and Hofmans, 2015). By evaluating the paper, it is concluded that Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory plays an essential role so that the productivity and motivation level of the employees can be enhanced. If the employees are motivated then it assists to attract more consumers towards the organization. The managers of the organization should provide proper knowledge so that the activities can be conducted efficiently. Employees who are efficient can help the organization to accomplish the overall goals and objectives of the organization. So, it is essential for the leaders to focus on the goals and objectives of the organization so that the activities can be conducted in a proper manner. Designing of jobs should be in such a manner that will help to analyze the capacity of the workers. It is essential that the workers should be satisfied with the activities that are assigned so that they can give their best. The working condition also gives impact on the productive performance of the employees. So, it is important to focus on maintaining proper working environment so that the goals and objectives of the organization can be accomplished. References Armstrong, M. and Taylor, S., 2014.Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. De Gieter, S. and Hofmans, J., 2015. How reward satisfaction affects employees turnover intentions and performance: an individual differences approach.Human Resource Management Journal,25(2), pp.200-216. De Jong, B.A., Dirks, K.T. and Gillespie, N., 2016. Trust and team performance: A meta-analysis of main effects, moderators, and covariates.Journal of Applied Psychology,101(8), p.1134. Gelfand, M.J., Aycan, Z., Erez, M. and Leung, K., 2017. Cross-cultural industrial organizational psychology and organizational behavior: A hundred-year journey.Journal of Applied Psychology,102(3), p.514. Hoch, J.E. and Kozlowski, S.W., 2014. Leading virtual teams: Hierarchical leadership, structural supports, and shared team leadership.Journal of applied psychology,99(3), p.390. Krishnamurthy, S., Ou, S. and Tripathi, A.K., 2014. Acceptance of monetary rewards in open source software development.Research Policy,43(4), pp.632-644. Navimipour, N.J. and Soltani, Z., 2016. The impact of cost, technology acceptance and employees' satisfaction on the effectiveness of the electronic customer relationship management systems.Computers in Human Behavior,55, pp.1052-1066. Olafsen, A.H., Halvari, H., Forest, J. and Deci, E.L., 2015. Show them the money? The role of pay, managerial need support, and justice in a self?determination theory model of intrinsic work motivation.Scandinavian journal of psychology,56(4), pp.447-457. Ozguner, Z. and Ozguner, M., 2014. A managerial point of view on the relationship between of Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Herzberg's dual factor theory.International Journal of Business and Social Science,5(7). Ruff, C.C. and Fehr, E., 2014. The neurobiology of rewards and values in social decision marketing.Nature Reviews Neuroscience,15(8), pp.549-562. Shields, J., Brown, M., Kaine, S., Dolle-Samuel, C., North-Samardzic, A., McLean, P., Johns, R., O'Leary, P., Robinson, J. and Plimmer, G., 2015.Managing Employee Performance Reward: Concepts, Practices, Strategies. Cambridge University Press. Strategy, C.B., 2015. Customer Relationship Management as a Customer-Centric Business Strategy.